现在已知的天然宝石有100多种。其中，商业宝石只有70多种（包括变种宝石）。迄今已发现的3000～3500种矿物中，宝石矿物有230多种，约占矿物总数的7%。
        宝石是在颜色、光泽、透明度、硬度和重量等方面达到一定工艺要求的矿物；而玉石则是达到质地细腻、光泽滋润、透明度好（水头足）、无杂质、污点和裂纹（无暇和柳）、块度大（块头大）、颜色纯正等工艺要求的矿物集合体。这就是人们常说的“石之美者为玉”。

文章来源（中国玉器人网：http://www.yuqiren.com ） 

                        

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